Automotive Components Lubrication System Services

• Automotive Sump
• Automotive Oil collection pan
• Automotive Oil tank
• Automotive Pickup tube
• Automotive Oil pump
• Automotive Oil pressure relief valve
• Automotive Oil filters
• Automotive Spurt holes & galleries
• Automotive Oil indicators
• Automotive Oil cooler

Automotive services Sump

The sump is bolted to the engine under the crankcase.
It is a reservoir, or storage container, for the engine lubricating oil, and a collector for oil returning from the engine lubricating system.
The sump can be formed as a thin sheet metal pressing, and shaped to ensure that oil will return to its deepest section. The oil pickup tube and strainer are located in this deep section to ensure they stay submerged in oil, and to prevent air being drawn into the oil pump.
Some high performance vehicles have a windage tray fitted to prevent churning of the oil by the rotation of the crankshaft.
Baffles prevent oil from surging away from the pickup during cornering, braking and accelerating.
The sump’s large external surface area helps heat transfer from the oil to the outside air.
In some designs, the sump is an aluminum alloy casting with fins and ribs to assist in this heat transfer.

Engine Lubrication : Refilling engine oil

Refilling engine oil

Part 1. Preparation and safety

Objective

• Safely refill engine oil.

Personal safety
Whenever you perform a task in the workshop you must use personal protective clothing and equipment that is appropriate for the task and which conforms to your local safety regulations and policies. Among other items, this may include:

• Work clothing - such as coveralls and steel-capped footwear
• Eye protection - such as safety glasses and face masks
• Ear protection - such as earmuffs and earplugs
• Hand protection – such as rubber gloves and barrier cream
• Respiratory equipment – such as face masks and valved respirators

Engine Lubrication : Replacing an oil filter

Replacing an oil filter

Part 1. Preparation and safety

Objective

• Replace an oil filter to the manufacturer's specifications.

Personal safety
Whenever you perform a task in the workshop you must use personal protective clothing and equipment that is appropriate for the task and which conforms to your local safety regulations and policies. Among other items, this may include:

• Work clothing - such as coveralls and steel-capped footwear
• Eye protection - such as safety glasses and face masks
• Ear protection - such as earmuffs and earplugs
• Hand protection – such as rubber gloves and barrier cream
• Respiratory equipment – such as face masks and valved respirators

Engine Lubrication : Draining engine oil

Draining engine oil

Part 1. Preparation and safety

Objective

• Safely drain engine oil.

Personal safety
Whenever you perform a task in the workshop you must use personal protective clothing and equipment that is appropriate for the task and which conforms to your local safety regulations and policies. Among other items, this may include:

• Work clothing - such as coveralls and steel-capped footwear
• Eye protection - such as safety glasses and face masks
• Ear protection - such as earmuffs and earplugs
• Hand protection – such as rubber gloves and barrier cream
• Respiratory equipment – such as face masks and valved respirators

Engine Lubrication : Checking engine oil

Checking engine oil

Part 1. Preparation and safety

Objective

• Check and adjust engine oil level and condition.

Personal safety
Whenever you perform a task in the workshop you must use personal protective clothing and equipment that is appropriate for the task and which conforms to your local safety regulations and policies. Among other items, this may include:

• Work clothing - such as coveralls and steel-capped footwear
• Eye protection - such as safety glasses and face masks
• Ear protection - such as earmuffs and earplugs
• Hand protection – such as rubber gloves and barrier cream
• Respiratory equipment – such as face masks and valved respirators

Engine Lubrication : Lubrication systems

• The lubrication system
• Splash system
• Pressure system
• 2-stroke engine premix fuel systems
• 2-stroke engine oil injection systems
• Rotary engine lubrication system
• Corrosion/noise reduction

The lubrication system

All moving parts in an engine require lubrication, that is, the application of oil to moving parts to reduce friction between them.
A lubrication system distributes oil through the engine. A typical lubrication system consists of an oil sump, an oil pump, and oil galleries. The oil is stored in the sump, bolted to the bottom of the engine block. Oil is drawn from the sump by an oil pump. Oil galleries are small passages in the cylinder block that direct oil to the moving parts.
Oil that has been pumped to the crankshaft main bearings travels through oil-ways to the connecting rods.
Oil may also be splashed from the connecting rods onto the cylinder walls.
A filter is usually provided to remove particles of dirt from the oil, and the circulation of the oil assists with the cooling of the internals parts.

Engine Lubrication : Oil

• Functions of oil
• Viscosity
• Oil additives
• Synthetic oils

Functions of oil

One function of a lubrication system is to reduce friction. Friction occurs between all surfaces in contact. When moving surfaces come together, friction tends to slow them down.
Sometimes that’s just what’s wanted. Friction can be useful.
But it can also cause serious damage. It can make metal parts so hot they melt and fuse together. When that happens, an engine is said to have seized.
How long an engine lasts depends to a large extent on how well it’s lubricated, especially at the points of extreme loading.
So lubrication reduces unwanted friction, and controls it where it is useful.
It reduces wear on moving parts. Clearances fill with oil so that engine parts move or float on layers of oil instead of directly on each other. Much less power is needed to move them and that’s a plus.
It helps cool an engine. It collects heat from the engine, then returns to the sump, where it cools.
It helps absorb shock loads. A power stroke can suddenly put as much as 2 tonnes force on main bearings. Layers of oil cushion this loading.
Oil is also a cleaning agent. It collects particles of metal and carbon and carries them back to the sump. Larger pieces fall to the bottom.